On-line separation of cyclotron-produced homolgues of transactinide elements

Transactinides are artificial elements prepared using nuclear reactions, whose yields tend to be very small and in the combination with very short half-lives of transactinides, the research of the chemical behavior of these elements
is challenging in many aspects. Therefore, preliminary experiments are carried out with their lighter homologs. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the synthesis
of transactinides and the subsequent approach to study their chemical properties, which is distinctive due to the abovementioned limitations. Apparatuses used
to study the chemical properties of transactinides in the gaseous and aqueous phase are described. The thesis isfurther focused on the synthesis and the study of chemical
properties of seaborgium, followed by familiarization with the chemical properties of its homologs – molybdenum and tungsten. In the second half of the theoretical part, there is a description of liquid-liquid extraction, of other chemical systems
for the extraction of Sg homologs, and of continuous and microfluidic extraction techniques. At the end, the detection of transactinides, 99Mo and a mixture of cyclotron-produced isotopes of W is discussed. The goal of the experimental
part of the thesis is to find a suitable chemical system for the liquid-liquid extraction of seaborgium with the help of its homologs. The aqueous phase of the studied chemical system consisted of HNO3 in pH range of -0.30 - 2.00, while the organic phase contained the extractant Cyanex® 600 in concentrations of 0.007 - 0.70 mol L-1 dissolved in kerosene with 1% addition of octanol. Furthermore, an apparatus for microfluidic separation was constructed, which was
used for the extraction of Mo by the chemical system described above. The obtained results show that the most effective extraction occurs at pH 1.00 - 2.00. As for the concentration of the extraction reagent, it is shown that its increase leads to an increase in D-values. From the microfluidic experiments, it can be concluded that the 4-s time of contact, which is suitable for short-lived seaborgium, provides sufficient extraction of Mo with a value of D = (17.2 ± 0.2).